What is 5% of 400?
5% of 400 is 20. Adding it gives 420; taking it off gives 380.
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The numbers for these inputs
| Percent | Of the number | Number plus it | Number minus it |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5% | 20 | 420 | 380 |
| 10% | 40 | 440 | 360 |
| 15% | 60 | 460 | 340 |
| 20% | 80 | 480 | 320 |
| 25% | 100 | 500 | 300 |
| 30% | 120 | 520 | 280 |
| 40% | 160 | 560 | 240 |
| 50% | 200 | 600 | 200 |
How it works
A percent is a part of 100, so X percent of a number is the number x X / 100. For 15 percent of 80: 80 x 15 / 100 = 12.
To add a percent (a price rise, a tip, a tax), multiply by 1 + X/100. To take it off (a discount), multiply by 1 - X/100.
The table shows the same number at common percentages so you can compare at a glance.
Common mistakes
- Adding a percent and then taking the same percent off: +20% then -20% does not return to the start, it leaves you 4% lower.
- Mixing up percent and percentage points: going from 10% to 12% is 2 points, but a 20% increase.
- Taking a percent of the wrong base, for example a discount of the final price instead of the original.
Questions
What is 5 percent of 400?
20. It is 400 x 5 / 100.
What is 400 plus 5 percent?
420.
What is 400 minus 5 percent?
380, for example a 5% discount on a price of 400.
20 is what percent of 400?
5%. Divide the part by the whole and multiply by 100.