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Solve x² - 4x + 3 = 0

The solutions of x² - 4x + 3 = 0 are x = 3 or x = 1.

x² +x += 0
x2−4x+3=0⇒x=3, 1x^2 - 4x + 3 = 0 \Rightarrow x = 3,\ 1
Discriminant D = 4 · x ≈ 3, 1

Change a, b or c (whole numbers, a not 0) and the exact solutions follow.

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Graph of y = x² - 4x + 3-112345-224681012x = 3x = 1vertexy = x² - 4x + 3
Graph of y = x² - 4x + 3. The curve crosses the x-axis at x = 3 and x = 1; the vertex is at (2, -1).

How to work it out

  1. 1

    Write it in standard form a x² + b x + c = 0 and read off the coefficients: a = 1, b = -4, c = 3.

    x2−4x+3=0x^2 - 4x + 3 = 0
  2. 2

    Work out the discriminant D = b² − 4ac. Its sign tells you how many real solutions there are.

    D=(−4)2−4⋅1⋅3=16−12=4D = (-4)^2 - 4\cdot1\cdot3 = 16 - 12 = 4
  3. 3

    D is positive, so there are two different real solutions.

  4. 4

    Method 1, factoring. The roots are rational, so the left side factors:

    (x−3)(x−1)=0\left(x - 3\right)\left(x - 1\right) = 0
  5. 5

    A product is zero when one of its factors is zero, so set each factor equal to 0 and solve:

    x−3=0⇒x=3x−1=0⇒x=1x - 3 = 0 \Rightarrow x = 3\qquad x - 1 = 0 \Rightarrow x = 1
  6. 6

    Method 2, The quadratic formula works for every quadratic:

    x=−b±D2a=4±42x = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{D}}{2a} = \frac{4 \pm \sqrt{4}}{2}
  7. 7

    Simplify to get the solutions:

    x=3orx=1x = 3\quad\text{or}\quad x = 1
  8. 8

    Check by putting x = 3 back in: a·x² + b·x + c = 1·(9) + (-4)·(3) + 3 = 0 ✓

LaTeX source of the formulas on this page
\[ x^2 - 4x + 3 = 0\ \Rightarrow\ x = 3,\ 1 \]
\[ x^2 - 4x + 3 = 0 \]
\[ D = (-4)^2 - 4\cdot1\cdot3 = 16 - 12 = 4 \]
\[ \left(x - 3\right)\left(x - 1\right) = 0 \]
\[ x - 3 = 0 \Rightarrow x = 3\qquad x - 1 = 0 \Rightarrow x = 1 \]
\[ x = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{D}}{2a} = \frac{4 \pm \sqrt{4}}{2} \]
\[ x = 3\quad\text{or}\quad x = 1 \]

The parabola y = x² - 4x + 3

xy
-18
03
10
2-1
30
43
58

Questions

What are the solutions of x² - 4x + 3 = 0?

The solutions of x² - 4x + 3 = 0 are x = 3 or x = 1.

Does x² - 4x + 3 = 0 factor?

Yes: (x-3)(x-1) = 0.

What is the vertex of y = x² - 4x + 3?

(2, -1). The parabola opens upwards, so this is the minimum.

What are the sum and product of the roots?

Sum = −b/a = 4, product = c/a = 3.

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